NEWS CENTER

JINGCHUANG LASER

29

2025

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08

The difference between CO2 laser cutting machine and fiber laser cutting machine


The main differences between CO2 laser cutting machines and fiber laser cutting machines lie in their light source, processing materials, efficiency, and maintenance costs:

Light Source Differences
CO2 laser cutting machines use gas discharge to excite CO2 molecules to produce 10.6μm infrared laser light, while fiber laser cutting machines use stimulated emission of ytterbium-doped fiber to produce 1.06μm near-infrared laser light.

Processing Materials
CO2 lasers, due to their longer wavelength (10.6μm), are suitable for cutting non-metallic materials (such as acrylic, wood, and leather), especially with high absorption efficiency in organic materials containing hydroxyl groups and carbon-hydrogen bonds. Fiber lasers, due to their shorter wavelength (1.06μm), are more suitable for metal processing, but their application is gradually expanding into conductive non-metallic materials such as carbon fiber.

Efficiency and Energy Consumption
CO2 laser cutting machines have a photoelectric conversion rate of only 8% to 10% and consume a large amount of gas. Fiber lasers, on the other hand, achieve a conversion rate of 25% to 30%, consume less energy, and process faster, making them particularly suitable for large-scale metal cutting. ‌

Maintenance Costs
CO2 lasers have a complex structure, fragile optical lenses, and high maintenance costs. Fiber lasers are virtually maintenance-free, require less frequent replacement of wearing parts, and are highly adaptable to environmental conditions.

Wavelength Characteristics
CO2 lasers have a longer wavelength (10.6μm), a larger beam spread, and a smaller heat-affected zone (0.1-0.3mm). Fiber lasers have a shorter wavelength (1.06μm) and a higher beam density, but when cutting non-metals, the heat-affected zone can expand to 0.5-1mm, requiring auxiliary gas cooling.

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